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9. Although she had signed a pledge of abstinence while being an adolescent. Frances Willard was 35 years old before she chose to become a temperance activist.

(A) while being an adolescent

(B) while in adolescence

(C) at the time of her being adolescent

(D) as being in adolescence

(E) as an adolescent

10. A President entering the final two years of a second term is likely to be at a severe disadvantage and is often unable to carry out a legislative program.

(A) likely to be at a severe disadvantage and is often unable to

(B) likely severely disadvantaged and often unable to

(C) liable to be severely disadvantaged and cannot often

(D) liable that he or she is at a severe disadvantage and cannot often

(E) at a severe disadvantage, often likely to be unable that he or she can

Answer：

9. Choices A, B, and D are unidiomatic. Choice C is awkward and wordy; furthermore, the phrase at the time of her being adolescent suggests that Willard's adolescence lasted only for a brief, finite moment rather than for an extended period of time. Choice E, idiomatic and precise, is the best answer.

10. Choice A is best. Choice B lacks the necessary infinitive after likely. In B and C, disadvantaged, which often means "hampered by substandard economic and social conditions," is less precise than at a disadvantage. In C and D, cannot often carry out suggests that a President with limited time suffers only from an inability to achieve legislative goals frequently, not from a frequent inability to achieve them at all. In C, liable, followed by an infinitive, can legitimately be used to express probability with a bad outcome, but C is otherwise flawed as noted. D's liable and E's unable should be followed by an infinitive rather than by a relative clause beginning with that.

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